A program based on NLP   techniques and its impact on reducing some Social problems among stuttering primary school students,2023

A thesis by: Shaima Khalaf Allah Abd El, Ate 

Supervised by:
prof:Osama Arabi Ammar

prof:Saber Allam Osman

Introduction to the study:

 The stage of childhood in its various stages is one of the most important pillars of human life, it is the basic base for the subsequent stages on which the individual's personality is built in terms of being normal or disturbed, as all psychological, social, cognitive and behavioral characteristics are formed during this stage, if the growth factors are sound, the personal growth becomes sound. First:

      Many psychologists and educators such as (John Lock, Rousseau, S, Freud, Erikson, Piage) point to the importance of childhood and the importance of meeting its physical, emotional, mental, psychological and social requirements for the child to grow healthy and healthy and away from obstacles and mental disorders (Al-Ghadani, 2014, 6 

         The phenomenon of stuttering is one of the speech and speech disorders, and some may underestimate its impact on children and do not realize that it may leave negative psychological or social effects on the child's personality, and stuttering is defined: as a disorder in the speech process to a degree that attracts the attention of the listener and the speaker and negatively affects the process of communication between them, due to the individual's disorder in the rhythm of speech, including involuntary repetition of sounds, syllables and words and lengthening them, as well as forcibly stopping speaking 

                  One of the characteristics of some of these stutterers is that they feel failure, frustration, despair, a sense of helplessness, ostracism and neglect of colleagues and ridicule, as stuttering makes them aggressive and tense and have increased sensitivity towards others, in addition to their sense of fear, which is a behavior accompanying stuttering, so fear of attitudes and people and the words are accompanied by fear and confusion, and they are negative feelings towards themselves, which leads to withdrawal, then introversion, then social isolation (Barakat,  2015, 2809).

     Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) is a science that reveals to us the inner world of man and his potential and provides us with tools and skills with which we can identify the human personality, way of thinking, behavior, performance, values, and the obstacles that stand in the way of his creativity and excellence (Nader, 2017, 3).

           The history of NLP dates back to the mid-seventies when the scientists (John Girnder) linguist, and (Richard Bandler) mathematician, and students of behavioral psychology the origin of linguistic programming for the mind and made great strides in the eighties. (Abu Al-Nasr, 2010, 91).

Second: The problem of the study:

     The researcher began to feel the problem through her frequentation of some special education centers and her dealings with stuttering students, where she noticed several problems, including (social sensitivity, low self-concept, social isolation, feeling helpless and failing, social anxiety, poor compatibility with others, a sense of inferiority and inferiority

          Reviewing previous research and studies: which confirmed the existence of social problems for stutterers, where the study of Ginsberg (2000) indicated that stuttering individuals are characterized by a set of emotional and social qualities such as a sense of inferiority and a sense of failure and a sense of anxiety and aggressiveness towards oneself or towards others and feel guilty and social phobia, as included the study of Smith (2004) that stuttering disorder may be accompanied by other behaviors such as the desire to avoid talking or escape or the use of gestures and shaking the head for fear of speaking,  The negative feelings of the stuttering child affect the use of speech in communicating with others, and the study of Griffin (2006) to the lack of interaction with society

   Third: Study Questions:

     What is the effectiveness of a program based on NLP techniques and its impact on reducing some social problems among stuttering students in the primary stage?

The main question is divided into the following sub-questions.

     1- What are the differences between the average grades of students with stuttering disorder in the pre- and post-measurements on the scale of social problems?

2-What are the differences between the average ranks of the dimensional and tracking measurements in the scale of social problems

Fourth: Objectives of the study:

     The current research aims to reduce some of the social problems of stuttering students through a program based on NLP techniques.

Fifth: The importance of the study:

Theoretical significance     

- The current research may be useful in providing a theoretical framework on NLP, as well as on social problems, stuttering disorder, and its consequent problems

Applied importance.

The current research through the program presented may benefit both.

Those interested in the field of special education by paying attention to the social problems faced by stuttering students and helping them reduce these problems.

- Stuttering pupils by providing them with methods and strategies to help them adapt to society

-    Social workers by building and designing a program based on some NLP techniques, as the program is a way to reduce some of the social problems suffered by stutterers

-    The current research dealt with the age group from 9 to 12 years and people with stuttering as a speech disorder because any defect in this process leads to social problems

Sixth: Limits of Study:

Methodological limits

The experimental approach is used and the use of semi-experimental design with one group.

Study Group

A- Sample of the exploratory study

 An exploratory sample of (20) children was randomly selected ranging in age from (6-12) years from special education centers in Alexandria Governorate, in order to verify Honesty and consistency of study tools, which are the measure of social problems.

B- Basic study sample

(4) children were selected from Zohour Al-Hayat Center for People with Special Abilities in Alexandria Governorate aged (9-12) years with an arithmetic mean of the chronological age (10.9) months and a standard deviation of (1.14) The scale of social problems was applied and scores were extracted for each child separately

Seventh: Study materials and tools:

1- (Case study form (prepared by the researcher)

2-The proposed program based on the techniques of neuro-linguistic programming for stuttering students in the primary stage,

3-Scale of social problems among stuttering students to ensure the existence of these problems (prepared by the researcher).

4-Stuttering intensity scale among students to ensure that they suffer from stuttering disorder prepared by (Nahla Al-Rifai

Eighth: Study assignments

1-There are statistically significant differences between the average grades of the children’s members of the study sample in the pre- and post-measurements of the scale of social problems.

2-There were no statistically significant differences between the average grades of the children’s members of the study sample in the two dimensional measurements of the social problems scale.

3-To verify the validity of the hypothesis that states that "there is an effect of the program based on NLP techniques in reducing some social problems among stuttering students in the primary stage

Ninth: Study Results:

1-There were statistically significant differences between the averages of the grades of the children of the experimental group in the pre- and post-measurements in favor of the post-measurement.

2-There were no statistically significant differences between the average grades of the experimental group children in the dimensional measurement and tracer measurement

Tenth: Recommendations

In light of the results of the current study and by dealing with children with stuttering disorder during the application of the program, and through observation and access to the quality of the programs provided to them, and methods of dealing with them and through practical experience, the researcher reached a set of recommendations in this area, including:

1-Conducting more research using NLP techniques to treat many of the problems and negative effects of stuttering disorder

2-Preparing training courses for psychologists and speech therapists on the use of NLP techniques and the work of counseling programs.

3-Educating families with a child with stuttering disorder about the importance of the program under study and the aforementioned programs with the theoretical framework and their positive impact on this group

4-Families of children with stuttering disorder should diversify the child's favorite reinforces and the child's participation in daily tasks to increase self-confidence.

5-The need for early intervention to protect children with stuttering disorder because of the psychological, social, emotional and academic problems they are exposed to, to mitigate the effects of stuttering if it is treated early.

6-The need to provide a safe educational environment away from bullying to help them overcome their difficulties.

7-Attention to the development of psychological and social aspects of children with stuttering disorder.

8-Holding training courses and workshops for teachers in educational institutions to introduce the category of children with stuttering disorder and how to deal with them

Proposed Future Research:

1-The effectiveness of a counseling program for the development of social skills among children with stuttering disorder.

2-The effectiveness of a program based on NLP techniques to improve psychological compatibility among children with stuttering disorder.

3-The effectiveness of a counseling program to improve the social and emotional efficiency of stuttering adolescents.

4-Studying some psychological and social factors associated with stuttering disorder in stuttering adolescents.


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